掘进智能化关键技术与展望

    Key technologies and prospects of intelligent tunneling

    • 摘要: 针对煤矿巷道掘进效率低下及采掘失衡这一难题,通过构建“感知-通信-控制”的技术框架,深入分析当前智能掘进领域的关键技术与发展趋势。在智能感知方面,揭示了掘进装备本体状态监测与巷道环境参数感知的技术现状,开发了惯性导航单元“IMU+全自动全站仪+毫米波雷达”的组合定位系统,有效提升井下定位精度。在通信技术领域,采用“5G+F5G”协同架构,为工作面集中控制和辅助运输设备自动驾驶提供可靠的通信保障。在智能控制方面,构建以“集控中心”为核心的多层级协同控制系统,提高井下多设备间的协同控制能力;此外,以5G通讯和无人驾驶技术为基础,构建双巷掘进场景下的梭车无人驾驶系统,实现单班次减员40%的显著成效。为提高在复杂地质条件下掘进装备的智能化水平,未来仍需进一步加强感知、通信和控制技术的协同创新,为煤矿安全高效开采提供技术支撑。

       

      Abstract: Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and unbalance of mining in coal mine, the key technologies and development trends in the field of intelligent tunneling are deeply analyzed by constructing the technical framework of “perception-communication-control”. In terms of intelligent perception, the technical status of the condition monitoring of the boring equipment and the perception of roadway environmental parameters is revealed, and the combined positioning system of the inertial navigation unit “IMU+ automatic total station + millimeter wave radar” is developed to effectively improve the downhole positioning accuracy. In the field of communication technology, the “5G+F5G” collaborative architecture is adopted to provide reliable communication guarantee for the centralized control of the working surface and the automatic driving of auxiliary transportation equipment. In the aspect of intelligent control, the multi-level cooperative control system with “centralized control center” as the core is built to improve the cooperative control ability among multiple underground equipment. In addition, based on 5G communication and driverless technology, the shuttle vehicle driverless system under the double-lane driving scene is constructed, and the significant effect of a single shift reduction of 40% is achieved. In order to improve the intelligent level of mining equipment under complex geological conditions, it is still necessary to further strengthen the collaborative innovation of sensing, communication and control technology in the future, so as to provide technical support for safe and efficient mining of coal mines.

       

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