Abstract: Shuiweishan fluorite deposit, a large fluorite deposit in southern Gannan area of Jiangxi province, is hosted in the Indosinian complex granites fault zone.Analyzing rare earth element in the fluorite ores and surrounding rocks shows that the total rare earth content, light rare earth content and heavy rare earth content of the surrounding rock of granite are much higher than those of the ores.The distribution pattern of rare earth element in the fluorite ores mainly light rare earth enrichment type, and so it is with the surrounding rock of granite.The Ce of fluorite ore is normal while Eu is negative anomaly(weak).Based on the comprehensive analysis of the geological characteristics of fluorite deposits and the geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements in fluorite ore and surrounding rocks, it is considered that the fluorite deposits are low temperature hydrothermal genesis.