Abstract: Cobalt is one of the important metallic mineral resources for boosting emerging sectors of strategic importance in China.To safeguard the supply of China's cobalt resources，this article is designed to evaluate the supply risks with the methods of historical comparison and quantitative assessment by selecting appropriate indicators from the three aspects of resource，market and politics.The calculations prove that the serious shortage of the existing cobalt resources，the increasing degree of dependence on foreign trade，the low recycling rate，and the great geostrategic risks are the main risk factors.Moreover，the large cobalt price fluctuation is also a potential danger that should be given high priority to.This article also puts forward some practical suggestions.Firstly，the government should reasonably use stockpiling and delivery system to stabilize price fluctuation，make subsidy and tax policies as well as strengthen the intergovernmental cooperation with resources countries.Secondly，enterprises had better develop the technology for recovery to improve the efficiency of recycling.Furthermore，enterprises ought to promote their layout of overseas resources through financial markets.Last but not least，making plenty of technical preparation is the contribution that universities and research institutes can make.