Abstract: In 2024, the global battle against inflation has achieved a partial victory, and the global economy has maintained its resilience. The global mining market is stable with a slight upward trend, and investors have increased their confidence in the mining market. With the easing of global supply chain disruptions and the suppression of demand through tight monetary policies, the most of mineral products prices have continued to decline. Faced with an increasingly complex and severe international environment, China’s economy has withstood pressure and made steady progress in 2024. China’s mining market has continued to improve, which is reflected in the following aspects: the national exploration and development of mineral resources has been strengthened, the national investment in geological exploration has exceeded 100 billion yuan for three consecutive years, the release of exploration rights has been intensified and the fixed assets investment in the mining industry has increased for four consecutive years. The profits of mining and dressing industry have reached a high level. The production of major mineral products is steadily improving, with growth in iron ore, ten types of non-ferrous metals, and others. The capacity to ensure energy security and supply has been further enhanced, with coal production hitting a record high and crude oil and natural gas production maintaining continuous growth for several years. The green and clean aspects of energy have become more prominent, accelerating the transformation of the energy structure. The installed capacity of clean energy continues to expand, with the proportion of clean energy consumption in primary energy steadily increasing. Meanwhile, the clean and efficient utilization of coal is gaining pace. The import and export of mineral products continues to grow, with the total trade volume accounting for a quarter of the country’s total commodity trade, reaching a new historical high. The external dependence on bulk mineral products remains high, with coal imports reaching a new record and the external dependence surpassing 10% for the first time. Specifically, the external dependence on oil, natural gas, and iron ore stands at 72.1%, 42.4%, and 79.7%, respectively. In the future, the Chinese economy will accelerate its growth, and the demand for mineral resources will increase. Therefore, we should overcome the ESG challenges faced by the development of the mining industry, increase domestic exploration efforts, and strengthen international cooperation in the mining industry to improve the security and supply capabilities of mineral resources.