Abstract: The skarn deposit is a kind of the endogenic deposit and has important industrial significance，including many ore-forming elements，such as Fe，Cu，Pb，Zn，Au，Mo，W and Sn.Many scholars have widely studied on the skarn deposits.This paper briefly and systematically summarized the alteration and zoning characteristics of skarn deposits.Based on this，we did detailed analysis and conclusion on the geology and geochemistry of skarn deposits，including the indicative function of skarn mineralogical characteristics on formation and evolution of skarn deposit and mineral exploration，ore-forming fluids and metal source，the discussion of mineral precipitation mechanism，the correlativity of ore-forming magmatic rocks and mineralization type，and the genetic model of skarn deposits and other mineralization types.