Analysis of global lead supply and demand pattern from 2020 to 2035

With the time of banning the sale of fuel vehicles in various countries, new energy vehicles will gradually replace fuel vehicles, and the global lead supply and demand pattern will change.In this paper, historical data such as lead production and consumption of major countries and economies around the world are collected.Based on the “S-shaped law” and combined with the banning time of fuel vehicles in each country, the trend of lead supply and demand in major countries and economies around the world from 2020 to 2035 is studied.The demand for lead in China shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching its peak around 2022 with a demand of 6.061 Mt.India and ASEAN are the countries or regions with the strongest lead demand growth, with demand of 1.565 Mt and 1.463 Mt by 2035 respectively.The overall global demand for lead showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching a peak of 13.224 Mt around 2027 and dropping to 11.734 Mt in 2035.With the strengthening of environmental protection policies, the replacement of mine lead by secondary refined lead has become the mainstream.In the future, the output of secondary refined lead in various countries will continue to increase, and the gap between the supply and demand of lead in China, the United States, South Korea, Japan and the European Union will continue to decrease.The gap between supply and demand in India and ASEAN continues to grow, reaching 385 000 t in 2035 and 899 000 t in 2035.