Citation: | GAO Lingfeng. Characteristics of geological environment damage and restoration measures in coal mining subsidence area: a case study of Tunlan Mine, Shanxi Province[J]. CHINA MINING MAGAZINE, 2022, 31(11): 46-51. DOI: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2022.11.010 |
Coal mining not only brings economic benefits, but also causes huge damage to the surface, causing the surface of goaf to collapse, subside, destroy the water system, and damage the surface ecology, causing a series of geological disasters.Taking Tunlan Mine in Shanxi Province as the research object, uses on-site research and engineering practice to explore and study the characteristics of the damage to the geological environment caused by mining in Tunlan Mine and the impact of ecological damage derived from geological disasters, and systematically builds a set of restoration techniques for the mining damage area adapted to Tunlan Mine.This paper analyzes the damaged characteristics of geological environment such as collapse pits, subsidence basins, ground cracks and steps in the coal mining subsidence area of Tunlan Mine, and analyzes the characteristics of different types of collapse, subsidence, landslide and fracture development in the subsidence area in combination with the current situation of collapse at the site.The results show that the main forms of mining damage in Tunlan Mine are mainly ground fractures, collapse pits and step damage, accounting for 56.5%, 23.2% and 14.0%, respectively, while landslides and basins are less frequent, accounting for only 6.3%.The severity of the damage caused by the extraction of cracks, cave-ins, terraces and basins, the form of restoration is mainly divided into artificial restoration and mechanical restoration according to the amount of work required for restoration, slope, topographic location and the amount of earth required, and the restoration area is categorized and managed, and a refined restoration technology route is formulated.The integrated restoration technology of mountain, water, forest and field, which combined geomorphological reconstruction, water resource protection and ecological vegetation restoration, is carried out to provide a reliable theoretical and technical basis for China’s mine geological environment management and ecological environment restoration.