Causes and countermeasures of injury accidents caused by wide body vehicles used in open-pit mines based on “2-4 Model”

The open-pit mine mainly adopts the production process of tramcar belt transportation.The load capacity of mining trucks is mostly 42 tons or even 130 tons,which belong to wide body vehicles.They are characterized by large size,large turning radius,large blind area.They are mostly driven at night.The proportion and harmfulness of vehicle injury accidents are much higher than other accidents in the open-pit mine.Therefore,the safety of tramcar operation in the open-pit mine is always the focus and difficulty of safety management.In order to better discover the rule of mining car accidents in open-pit mines,analyzes 56 mining wide body car injuries in a large open-pit mine in the past 40 years by using the “2-4 Model” of accident causes.The research results indicate that the direct causes of accidents are mainly manifested in unsafe behaviors such as illegal driving by frontline operators, fatigue driving, and the lack of implementation of safety responsibilities by management personnel.Unsafe state is mainly manifested in brake failure,substandard road technical conditions,and tire explosion.The indirect causes of the accident mainly include insufficient safety awareness,insufficient safety knowledge and poor safety habits.The root cause of the accident mainly lies in the fact that safety management is a mere formality.Based on the analysis results of accidents,countermeasures and suggestions for preventing vehicle injury accidents have been proposed，providing support for future safety management of mining vehicles.