Evaluation of ecological environment quality in Karst coal mining area based on RS and GIS: a case study of Panzhou City

In view of the special geological environment characteristics of Karst coal mining area, considering the factors affecting the quality of ecological environment, the index factors related to coal mining activities are selected, and the comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological environment quality in Karst coal mining area is established. Through the classification of evaluation indexes, the single evaluation and analysis of index factors are carried out by using RS and GIS technology. With the support of ArcGIS raster data spatial superposition analysis and calculation, the comprehensive index method and analytic hierarchy process are used to comprehensively evaluate the ecological environment quality of Panzhou City, so as to obtain the ecological environment quality grade of Karst coal mining area in Panzhou City. The evaluation results show that most of the ecological environment quality in Panzhou City is good, and the excellent grade accounts for 75.03%. However, some mountains are high and steep, the vegetation coverage is low, and the ecological environment corresponding to the coal mining area is poor. In the planning of ecological environment protection and economic development, it should give priority to areas with poor ecological environment quality, and increase a series of ecological restoration measures such as mine land reclamation and afforestation. In the comprehensive evaluation, the grid evaluation method of ecological environment quality is introduced. Through the quantitative calculation of the area and weight of ecological environment quality grade in a certain range, it provides a reference for regional ecological environment quality evaluation.