Research on navigation and location positioning of open-pit mines based on 5G technology

In response to the influence of factors such as occlusion on positioning methods in complex environments of open-pit mines, which makes it difficult to meet the precise positioning needs of open-pit mining production operations, this study proposes a navigation and location positioning method for open-pit mines based on 5G technology. This method first uses Beidou satellite to preliminarily locate the equipment in the mine and obtain the basic location information of the equipment. At the same time, the positioning technology based on 5G Time Difference of Arrival（TDOA） is adopted to measure the absolute time difference of signals between the device and multiple 5G base stations, calculate the absolute distance difference between the device and each base station, and obtain the preliminary position of the device. Input the positioning results of Beidou satellite and 5G technology into an improved Federated Kalman Filter model for optimal fusion processing. This model effectively avoids data pollution caused by a single system failure by adding local filters and fault self checking modules. By continuously integrating the positioning information of two technologies and updating the real-time location of equipment in open-pit mining areas, accurate navigation information is provided for workers and drones, thereby achieving efficient navigation and precise location positioning in open-pit mines. The experimental results show that the positioning RMSE value of this method is stable within the range of 0.5-2.0 m, and the PDOP value always remains below 3.0. In addition, this method can obtain effective location information in different environments and various devices, and the navigation trajectory has a high degree of fit with the expected location, demonstrating strong environmental adaptability.