Multi-dimensional risk assessment and prevention and control of coal mines based on “human-machine-environment-management”

Considering the complex characteristics of multi-dimensional risk coupling in coal mine safety production, this paper establishes a multi-dimensional risk assessment index system based on the “human-machine-environment-management” theoretical framework. It employs a combined weighting model integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process（AHP） and entropy weight method to conduct a quantitative analysis of the weight distribution of various risk factors. The results indicate that management factors and environmental factors are the dominant factors affecting coal mine safety, among which indicators such as institutional execution, supervision effectiveness, gas emission rate, and gas concentration exhibit particularly significant risk contribution. Empirical analysis verifies the effectiveness of the proposed assessment model. On this basis, an intelligent prevention and control plan integrating real-time monitoring, intelligent early warning, and closed-loop management is put forward, providing scientific risk assessment methods and precise management and control strategy support for coal mine safety production.